Algeria
History of Algeria
Colonial History
Algeria was a French colony from 1830 to 1962. The French imposed strict control over the country, leading to widespread resistance. The Algerian War of Independence (1954–1962) was a brutal struggle, marked by violence and significant loss of life.
Key Historical Periods
Before colonization, Algeria was home to powerful empires such as the Numidian, Roman, and Ottoman empires. Following independence, Algeria became a socialist state under the leadership of the National Liberation Front (FLN).
President of Algeria
First President
Ahmed Ben Bella (1963–1965), the first president of Algeria, led the country after gaining independence from France.
Notable Presidents
- Houari Boumédiène (1965–1978), took power in a coup and established a socialist government.
- Abdelaziz Bouteflika (1999–2019), served for 20 years, overseeing significant political and economic changes.
Current President Algeria
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Notable Leaders in History
Ahmed Ben Bella
Pioneer nationalist and first president of Algeria.
Houari Boumédiène
Led after a coup, established socialist policies.
Abdelaziz Bouteflika
Long-serving president, focused on national reconciliation and economic reforms.
Economy
Best Known Export
Crude oil and petroleum products dominate, contributing to over 90% of export revenue.
GDP
Nigeria has Africa's largest economy, with a GDP of about $477 billion (2023 estimates).
Agricultures
Secondary exports include cocoa, palm oil, and cashews.
Movies
The Battle of Algiers (1966): A powerful portrayal of the Algerian War of Independence against French colonial rule.
Days of Glory (2006): A film about Algerian soldiers who fought for France during World War II.
Books
- The Stranger by Albert Camus: A novel exploring existentialism and colonialism in Algeria.
- The Algerian War by Alistair Horne: A detailed account of Algeria's struggle for independence from France.
- Frantz Fanon: A Biography by David Macey: A look into the life of the influential Algerian revolutionary and thinker.
Currency
Money Accepted
The official currency is the dinar (₦).
Languages Spoken
Official Language
English.
Major Indigenous Languages
Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo are widely spoken, along with over 500 other indigenous languages.
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